Monitoring, Monitoring And Termination Of Clients

Coordination, Monitoring, and Termination Issues Applying the State’s standards for coordination, monitoring and termination of clients. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) is the standard that all case managers and other health care professional must abided by. It is the rules of confidentiality. Therefore, all agency must inform their employees of this law which states, â€Å"Do not question individuals or organizations about clients unless he or she has the express permission of that client or the client’s parent or guardian† (Summers, 2012). This includes monitoring. Monitoring as it applies to case manager is unending review of documents concerning client’s involvement in each services to which he or she has been†¦show more content†¦It is important for case managers to â€Å"contact all agencies and / or programs that are primarily responsible for their clients, meeting their goals which is stated in each individual’s service plans† (Summers, 2012). By receiving feedback from such person (s) will notify case managers what is the best alternative, if any, for their clients. Case managers should question if their clients moving toward their goal effectively; should the service (s) be continued, discontinued, or modified. It is in the best interest of all case managers to monitor and contact, parent (s), person (s), agencies, and services associate with their client’s case to document any and all noticeable changes, no matter how great or small. This is very beneficial to their clients in meeting their needs. On the other hand, there are obligations case managers must meet for their agency. Most services provided to their clients are funded through state and public funding. These funds are limited and must be spent wisely. Therefore, it is essential for case managers to determine what form of action need to be taken; services their client will be or are receiving—based on individual goal (s). Along with, monitoring their clients’ progress and revising, if necessary. Each appropriate course of action case managers makes based on their clients’ need could Monitoring, Monitoring And Termination Of Clients Coordination, Monitoring, and Termination Issues Applying the State’s standards for coordination, monitoring and termination of clients. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) is the standard that all case managers and other health care professional must abide by. It is the rules of confidentiality. Therefore, all agencies must inform their employees of this law which states, â€Å"Do not question individuals or organizations about clients unless he or she has the express permission of that client or the client’s parent or guardian† (Summers, 2012). This includes monitoring. Monitoring as it applies to case manager is an unending review of documents concerning client’s involvement in each service to which he or she has been referred. In each client’s file and case notes of each file, there should be the client’s assessment of needs; a list of the client’s desires and expectations; developed plans of goals and needs; and referrals of client’s to agencies that best respond to the client’s goals and needs. It will also contain documentation on how well the client is progressing towards their goals, case management notes on suggestions for midcourse corrections, revised plans for client’s participation and any changes of goals or focus. The importance of monitoring not only benefit each client, but it determines how well the case managers and agencies are meeting the needs of their clients. Many times, the client may have a concern (s) about their plan of actionShow MoreRelatedMonitoring, Monitoring And Termination Of Clients1346 Words   |  6 Pages Coordination, Monitoring, and Termination Issues Applying the State’s standards for coordination, monitoring and termination of clients. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) is the standard that all case managers and other health care professional must abided by. It is the rules of confidentiality. Therefore, all agency must inform their employees of this law which states, â€Å"Do not question individuals or organizations about clients unless he or she has the express permissionRead MoreWrongful Termination And Termination Of Employee858 Words   |  4 Pagesmitigate the risks involved with the termination of employee, and to ensure that the organization’s sensitive data remains secure, and is not tampered with when an employee departs. Employees can pose a particularly significant threat to an organization upon their departure, regardless of whether the separation was the decision of the organization, or the employee. 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Readers will discover detailed information about this theory, including the basic beliefs of this theory, the interventions of this theory that I utilized, and how changes occur in my client’s life by using this form of therapy. Readers will also discover how I monitored my client’s progress throughout the interventionRead MoreClients Case Study1263 Words   |  6 PagesClients may utilize their managerial access to take sensitive customer information and financial data to sell or even just to sell it on the web. Privileges accounts can likewise be utilized to change or erase sensitive information, opening conceivable outcomes for extortion. Technically knowledgeable clients can utilize such accounts to introduce backdoors or expolits permitting them full access to the framework. Displeased work ers can bring the entire framework down, by modifying critical settingsRead MoreCompliance Plan for Riordan Manufacturing1635 Words   |  7 Pagescompliance with policies and procedures. Participation or involvement in required training is mandatory hence a condition of employment. Failure to take part in the training program would result into extensive measures against the employ such as termination of the employment contract and excessive fines. Employees of the company have the responsibility of signing a statement to show that they have received, read, and understood the concepts and contents of the compliance plan. Employees will receiveRead MoreEst1 Wgu - Ethics Program for Nonprofit Management Consulting Services1246 Words   |  5 Pagesfor the long term. To accomplish this we must treat our clients with respect and provide a high level of service that is unattainable from another company. Our clients are placing a high level of trust in us and we must honor that commitment by ensuring no confidential information is disseminated outside our company or to those inside the company who may have a conflict of interest. Above all else we will be professional with our clients and work to the best of our ability to provide them withRead MoreProject : Project Management Life Cycle1221 Words   |  5 PagesProject Life Cycle Project Initiation, Project Planning, Project Execution and Project Termination are the four general areas of the project management life cycle. Before defining the project management life cycle one must first understand what a project is. â€Å"A project is a temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result.† (PMI 2013, p. 3). There are companies and organizations that break down all undertakings to projects; however, it must be identified that althoughRead MoreHOC Cyber Security Profiles888 Words   |  4 Pagescontrols are imperative within all HOC’s networks and facilities. HOC is a nonprofit housing organization that deals with a lot of sensitive information because NASA critical to the clients security in many cases. This is way access to information must be controlled on a strict need to know basis in order to protect the client and the organization. 2.1.1(AC-5) Separation of Duties Separation of duties is essential within HOC to ensure that valuable or highly sensitive information cannot be stolen throughRead MoreEvaluation Of A Case Manager At A Massachusetts Facility876 Words   |  4 Pagesoffenders back into society, first and foremost to protect the public (Mastrorilli, 2014). Before Termination [Therefore, case managers who are terminating a case with an offender should be sure to address the matter of termination several weeks before the case comes to a close. The manager should meet with the offender and discuss the end of supervision. They need to assess the feelings the client has about the end of supervision and make sure they are able to process the change. The manager should

Legacy of Algeria Free Essays

Algeria remains one of France’s most valuable possessions during the colonial period. The country was a French colony for over a century until the early 1960s when nationalist agitation caused independence to be granted to the country. This form of revolt, which began gathering momentum in 1954 and lasted till 1962, is what became known as the Algerian War. We will write a custom essay sample on Legacy of Algeria or any similar topic only for you Order Now Even though this war ended since 1962, the memories of the War are still present especially in France. Moreover, this war appears to be the most significant part of France’s involvement in Algeria. This essay will therefore look at the legacy created in France as a result of their involvement in Algeria. The essay will also examine the huge debates and controversies created by memories of the war in France. Aspects of brutality by the French police will equally be examined. Torture was a significant part of the Algerian and this aspect has sparked a series of debates and controversies in France ever since the war ended. During the more than one hundred thousand Algerians were tortured[1] by European born French police officers and pro-French Algerians who had been known to be very brutal when they handled matters relating to French Algerians in Paris. Several interrogation centers were created and the torture of Algerians by French auxiliary police was synonymous to these interrogation centers. Methods used where water torture, impaling on bottles and electric shocking.[2]   It was incidents like these that made the Algerian War to be labeled the most brutal in all colonial battles that France got involved in. In fact the conduct of the war welcomed a lot of criticisms from the French public without even bordering about the goals of the war. It is therefore no surprising that French men termed the war, â€Å"dirty war†.[3] Torture was so common to the extent that General Paul Aussaresses, whom at the time of the war was working with the French Special Service in Algeria and   who took part in the battle of Algiers, which was aimed at hunting and destroying Algerian fighters acknowledged the use of torture when he held that, Among the operations in which I participated, most led to interrogations. Others to simple liquidation, which occurred on the spot. . . . [T]hose who  arrived in Tourelles [an interrogation center] were considered to be so  guilty that they did not leave alive. . . . [T]orture was used systematically if  the prisoner refused to talk, which was often the case. Rarely were prisoners  who were interrogated at night alive in the morning. If they talked ornot,  Ã‚  they were generally neutralized. . . . Summary executions were an integral  part of the task of maintaining order[4] The employment of torture by French police in the Algerian war created a significant impact in France, years after the War was over. To begin with, it sparked up a huge debate in France and the issue was whether torture was used during the Algerian war. This debate has been going ever since the war ended. For instance, in 1979, the issue about torture became so popular, to then that public opinion had to be sampled to see those who believed that torture was part of France’s colonial rule in Algeria. More than 50% of opinions sampled confirmed that they believe torture had been part and parcel of the Algerian crisis.[5] In later year the issue received more recognition to the extent that, opinion polls showed 94% of the population holding the belief that torture had been employed by French police during the Algerian War. The legacy left behind by the Algerian had serious ramifications in French politics. The question on torture again received recognition for the role it played during presidential campaigns in France. This was the case of the presidential elections in France in France in 2002. During campaigns major candidates were demanded to justify their stance with regards to the use of torture Algerian war.[6] Majority of the candidates in this case were out rightly against torture.[7] In fact, ever since the war ended, the manner in which the war was handled has always aroused criticisms with emphasis placed on the use of torture. How ever, it is important to understand that French citizens have never really criticized the motive behind their involvement in Algeria. Instead, they criticize the manner in which the government reacted when things started going wrong in Algeria. The Algerian case also left it trade mark in the legal department in France. This is because, years after the incident, some of the perpetrators of what has been considered as cowardly acts have been brought before the court. Moreover, trials of this kind have drawn a lot of attention from the press. A case in point is the trial of Maurice Papon, who was the brainchild behind the suppression of Algerian demonstrators. Papon was a government functionary in France’s possessions in North Africa during the 1940s and 50s This case was presided over in Bordeaux by Jean Louis Castagnà ©dà ©s.[8] During this trial, Papon asserted that he was never in support of the use of torture. He pointed out the he was never in control of the military, the main perpetrators of these acts, therefore, there was little he could do to stop them.[9] Even though Papon was freed for medical reasons, this case went further to strengthen the legacy of the Algerian situation in France. For instance the case pushed writers to work and in the process a number of works on Papon were produced. General works were also written on Papon and his trial. One of such works was marc Olivier Bruch’s scholarly study of the French administration under Vichy, titled Pour Servir l’Etat Francaise. On the commercial level some of these works gained a lot of grounds. This could be seen in the steady variety of books, movies and television shows, which came out to help bring to light the degree of torture experienced during the Algerian adventure. One of these movies, perhaps the most commercially successful, titled Avoir Vingt ans dans l’Aures released in 1971 and the documentary La Guerre d’Algerie and a lot of other documentary revealed the hidden practices of the of the French army in Algeria.[10] In fact Pascal Ory has tried to summarize central theme underlying most of the French movies and documentaries on the Algerian war when hen he writes, â€Å"French cinema did everything it could to give the image of the Algerian War as a ‘dirty war’† Also, another history of French movies holds the position that â€Å"Torture obsesses the cinema of the Algerian War.[11] Most of these movies and documentaries have gained a lot of grounds on the commercial level. Another legacy left by the Algerian war in France has been the commemorations in France marking the 1961 massacre. This incident occurred when dozens of Algerians were peacefully marching in Paris on October 17 1961. These of Algerians were ruthlessly killed. During the early years of the French government acknowledged the need for regular commemorations to mark this incident. The most outstanding was that held on the occasion of the 40th anniversary. This event was commemorated with demonstrations, exhibitions, film showings, and a colloquium held in the National Assembly, with distinguished panelists and some of the survivors of the event.[12] The legacy created by the Algerian questions in France has created a lot of controversy in France. For instance, national petition came demanding that the 1961 massacre be labeled a crime against humanity. This petition was welcomed by many intellectual elites amongst them were Pierre Bourdieu, Maurice Agulhon, Madeleine Rà ©bà ©rioux, Jacques Derrida. Such calls pushed the Paris City Council to affix a plaque on the Seine Bridge where several Algerians were dumped in to the river Seine on the day of demonstration. It even took time before the decision on what was to be written on the plaque. The wordings were carved on the plaque affixed on the left bank of the bridge crossing River Seine: To the memory of all the Algerians killed during the bloody repression of the peaceful demonstration of 17 October1961.†[13] Many human right groups and leftist have also welcomed the position that that the massacre be considered a crime against humanity. Another area of controversy in the Algerian crisis is centered on the proper word to term it. The French never wanted to consider it a war, instead they less hard phrases such a move to maintain order have always been preferred. However, a new understanding stemming from the rising concerns of the occurrences during the conflict made the French parliament in 1999 to label the Algerian case a war. This new development seems to have weakened the stance of many with regards to the horrors of the conflict.[14] This indicates the impact created by the Algerian crisis in France if one considers the fact that the conflict has been a call for concern right in the French Assembly. Another area of controversy has been on the impact of trials like the case of Maurice Papon. People have been asking questions on whether it is necessary to try somebody for a crime committed some fifty years back. The French government sees it different. For instance, France which is one of those countries championing the course of democracy and human has to do something keep her credibility towards these this course. Moreover, it is imperative for trials of this kind to take place so that they could act as preventive measure for those who ever find their self in situations like the case in Algeria. Above all, there has also been a huge debate on the impact trials of this kind could have at the level of pedagogy. From the above, it is clear that the Algerian question has left a big scar on the French society judging from the memories of the war, which keeps circulating in France and among French people and Algerians. Moreover, some people still remain divided on certain aspects of the war and it is this situation that has sparked up controversies when talking about the Algerian war. Reference Cohen, William B. â€Å"The Algerian War and the Revision of France’s Overseas Mission†. Project Muse. Golsan, Richard J. â€Å"Vichy Afterlife† History and Counter History in Postwar France. Lincoln and London: University of Nebraska Press, 2000. [1] William B. Cohen, â€Å"The Algerian War and the Revision of France’s Overseas Mission†, Project Muse, 228. [2] Richard J. Golsan, â€Å"Vichy Afterlife† History and Counter History in Postwar France (Lincoln and London: University of Nebraska Press, 2000), 167. [3] Cohen, â€Å"The Algerian War †, 229. [4] Ibid, 232. [5] Ibid, 230. [6] Ibid, 236. [7] Ibid. [8] Golsan, â€Å"Vichy Afterlife†, 158. [9] Ibid, 162. [10] Cohen, â€Å"The Algerian War †, 229 [11] Ibid, 229. [12] Ibid, 234. [13] Ibid, 235. [14] Cohen 231 How to cite Legacy of Algeria, Essay examples

National Innovation Capacity Capability

Question: Discuss about the National Innovation Capacity Capability. Answer: Introduction National innovation capacity refers to the capability of the country to provide the commercialization of a flow of innovative technology in the long term. It depends on the capability of innovation infrastructure of a nation. There is a presence of differences in the intensity of innovation among the countries. The determinants of country level differences in innovation intensity are explored by the way of gaining information related to relationship between international patenting and the variables associated with national innovative capacity. In addition to this, variations in the performance of different countries is occurred due to the level of inputs devoted to innovation i.e. research and development. The innovation capacity of the nation also influences the downstream commercialization such as achievement of large market share through the export of high technology products in the market (Zohuri, 2015). This report emphasizes on the occurrence of the significant variations in th e economic performance of different major economies such as China, US, Japan, Germany and UK due to technological enhancement or innovations. Innovation is considered important for the national economy. The government of China has now considered the increase in the innovativeness and transformation of the nation in order to become a leader in science and technology in the world. The government has created endogenous innovation for the purpose of bringing advancement in the NIS of the country. This helps in accelerating the growth of the economy. The NIS of the country has developed by the use of state run , centralized and top down system. In china, the innovative performance is measured by the use of patent behavior of the key organizations. There are different entities such as universities, research institutes and firms which contribute towards patent statistics by the creation of the innovative performance (Usman, et al., 2015). The innovative performance of the key organizations is measured by the use of volume and value of the patent applications registered by them. The information related to patent application helps in analyzing the innovation capacity of the NIS at a given point of time. The information related to key organizations and patent applications helps in the determination of the capacity of the NIS in a measurable innovative performance. The profits of the companies indicates that there is a formation of new technologies by different rival organizations that exists on ex-post market demand for the purpose of establishing innovation in the company by the way of spur diffusion, and selection of the appropriate inventions in the market (Wu, 2004). In developing economies such as China, competition among the organization is not only determined by the prices but also through the quality and efficiency drive by new products and processes. In addition to this, difficulties are faced by the organizations due to changes made in the strategies. The NIS shows an inertia due to changes in the strategies adopted by the firms at a slow pace. The firms that are characterized as pioneers has a vital role in increasing the rate of innovation through radical innovations, diffusion and exploitation of the knowledge (Boeing and Sandner, n.d). Absorptive capacity is regarded as the capacity of the key organizations to internalize the new knowledge that is generated inside or outside the NIS system. It is considered relevant to measure the innovative performance of a closed NIS and open NIS where the information is channeled through foreign organizations in the system. The foreign firms make significant contribution towards the infusion of the new knowledge in the NIS of the host country as China is receptive to the knowledge and technologies created by foreign firms that have operations through a subsidiary in the host country. This helps the NIS to get access to the competencies related to existing technology generated outside the system (Heshmati, 2007). Multinational companies are considered superior to domestic firms in terms of technology as they have a potential to develop and take advantage of new technologies and intellectual assets. The investment in research and development and training programs for upgrading the skills of the employees by the companies has a positive impact on productivity and innovative capability of the domestic firms. This has also lead to the increase in the innovative performance of the country. Besides this, there is an occurrence of interactions with the business sector and relations to the society for the purpose of generation of the new knowledge and has a significant impact on the knowledge diffusion which results in influence to the competition present in the market (Wu, 2004). The research organizations deploy some resources for the purpose of patenting the knowledge attained from various businesses for the purpose of transfer of technology. The shifting of the resources by the universities towards commercial applications has a negative impact on the capacity of China for innovative performance. China give emphasis on the use of patents by the organization to include technological innovations in a company. It stimulates invention and leads in the occurrence and provision of the monopoly to the inventor and provide disclosure of the information necessary for the operation of the new process (Huang, 2014). It results in reducing the duplication of the information as per the patent system beneficial for society as a whole. The statistics related to patent helps in providing information related to the measurement of the capability of the innovation in the country. Increase in the number of patents results in an increase in the innovation capability of the country. The patent system helps in translation of the patent applications which is considered as a measure of the innovative performance. The inventor recovers the costs related to inventive activity by creation of the monopoly in the market. It results in the increase in the amount of investment carried out by the company to foster innovation (Usman, et al. 2015). When an organization wants to increase the frequency of the innovation then there is a need of presence of strong intellectual property right and longer patent length. Besides this, there is also an increase in the export of high tech products in a tremendous manner in the year 2008 as compared to the year 1995. The country has surpassed US and Japan with a global market share of 16.9% in the high tech products. The main reason behind the expansion of thw high tech exports from China is the reallocation of production capacity by multinational corporations and outsourcing of information and communication technology (Zhao and Yang, n.d). The semiconductor industry of the country has relied on technological innovations but consider cheap labor as a comparative advantage in comparison to other countries. Along with this, technological innovation is considered as the centre of the economic growth of the countries. The government of China emphasizes on increasing the innovativeness of the country in order to transform the nation into innovative nation by the year 2050 making it a leader of technological innovation in the world. The profit gained by the companies helped in the determination of the new technologies adopted by the companies. Along with this, competition in the industry between different companies is not only determined by the prices but also by the diversity exists between different products offered by the companies (Kocoglu, et al. 2012). Nowadays, companies in various countries have made investment in research and development activities due to which there is a presence of increased per capita of international patenting rate in US as compared to other advanced economies. The national innovative capacity is dependent on the innovation infrastructure and cross cutting factors which contributes to the bring innovation throughout the economy. The infrastructure of innovation takes into consideration the science and technology policy environment and knowledge stock upon which there is a development of new ideas. The infrastructure of innovation takes into consideration different elements of national innovation systems (Feldstein, 2008). The economy of the US is driven by the technological innovation. For the economic growth of the country, there are two elements which has a direct impact on the performance of the economy i.e. capital investment and technological innovation. Increase in the population due to increase in the real income per person to 2% SINCE Civil War has helped in transforming the economy of US from rural to industrial power. The economy of US has surpassed the economy of UK at some time. There is a drop of 2.5% in the real GNP growth rate of US in recent years (Gaile and Willmott, 2005). The country has achieved growth in per capita income through two different ways i.e. attaining more output from the available resources and utilizing more number of resources. Information communication technology is considered as the fastest growing sector and aids in establishing innovation and development in the country. This sector has helped in creation of 75000 jobs by 2020 and resulted in a growth rate of 22%. In addition to this, there is an emergence of 5 additional jobs in other sectors for each job in the information communications technology sector (Schmid, et al., 2012). The competitiveness of the US economy is influenced by training and education policies along with the research and innovation. The country has gained 4th rank in innovation because of presence of scientific research institutions and heavy spending by the companies on research and development activities. The country is considered as the top innovation leader in the world as per the European Innovation Scorecard. The economy of US is characterized as an excellent capacity for innovation in terms of high spending research and development activities and presence of large number of scientific research institutions and sophisticated business culture (Melas and Zhang, 2016). In this country, the companies provide new and different goods by the use of sophisticated production processes in order to gain competitive advantage over other firms in the market. In addition to this, the business sectors collaborate with academic institutions in order to develop skilled labor by providing training t o the students for the purpose of producing innovative products that are demanded by the customers (National Research Council, 2004). US is the country in which companies achieve competitive advantage due to presence of innovation in the products and services offered by them by the way of making investment in research and development activities. The country has gained advantage over other countries in terms of market size and labor market efficiency. There is a heavy dependence on the business cycles in US by growth of business through research and development department. The growth rate of research and development in the businesses is two to three times higher than the overall GDP of the country. This is the reason that the competitiveness of the country is driven by innovation (Fanjiang, et al., 2005). The inputs of innovation is specialized and targeted to a specific group of people which results in gaining leadership in the market. There is more concentration on the high tech industries by manufacturing research and development which resulted in an increased innovative performance in the country. Approximately 70% of the manufacturing research and development is carried out in high tech industries in US. The high tech manufacturing industry of US represents 28% of the overall industrial value added services (Abreu, et al., n.d.). In US, majority of the research and development activities are carried out in the information and communications technologies. Majority of the international firms carry out their research and development activities in US which has a significant impact on the overall performance of the country. The main reason behind it is that there is an occurrence of the inflow of the funds which accelerates the economic growth of the country. Along with this, the US based companies has made effort towards diversifying the outward research and development investment by making investments in all major economies of Asia (Greenhalgh, et al. 2004). The country also applies for high tech patents at the European Patent Office for the purpose of gaining large market share. The American venture companies are making investments in the country in the field of medical, electronic and data processing technologies in order to accelerate the economic growth (BIS, 2012). Germany has made investments in the technological innovations in the form of electron microscope, MP3 music format and LCDs. Besides this, the country has also made some of the specialized inventions iof which the general public do not have the knowledge. The companies of Germany have the knowledge that the customers do not only consider the price while making buying decision but also consider the innovartive features included in the product. The country is known for its engineering excellence and technological innovatrion brought in the products and services offered by the companies. The small and medium sized enterprises of the country dominate the economy as majority of the innovations are carried out by such enterprises (Hall and Soskice, 2001). The innovation brought by German companies is based on technical expertise which facilitates small firms to become market leaders in narrow segments. Such companies become successful by providing best technology in a particular segment. Germany is considered as an international leader in the science and technology industry in terms of workforce. This country made huge investments in the research and development in an international market in order to become advanced economy (United Nations, 2015). As per the report of World Economic Forum, the country has ranked 8th out of 139 countries in terms of innovation. It is considered as the international leader in terms of capacity for innovation. Besides this, it also gained 4th position in terms of spending in the research and developmental activities carried out by different companies of the country. It also ranked 6th for the presence of high quality of scientific research institutions. In addition to this, the country has large number of top research institutes which invest large amount of money in research and development activities for the purpose of bringing technological innovation in different products and services offered by different companies (Taylor, n.d.). The companies of Germany have also filed the Patent Cooperation Treaty Patents in sectors such as medium- low technology sector and medium- high technology sector. Germany has ranked third for the filing of the patents with European Union trade offices. Germany has developed various incremental innovations in various sectors such as electrical engineering, automotive engineering, chemical and mechanical engineering. Germany is considered as the coordinated market economy where the firms still prosper even when perform radical innovations in their products and services. The main reason behind it is that in the area of biotechnology and software, the German institutional framework of technologies is fitted which help in gaining growth and prosperity by the country in terms of economy (Becker and Dietz, n.d).. The enterprises specializes in cumulative technologies rather than discrete technologies which provide a stable platform to companies to grow and prosper. There is a high demand for integrated system solutions which are regularly updated and expanded for the purpose of providing high quality services to commercial users of the technology. The enterprises of Germany are specialized in the production and development of instruments and softweares which are used by pharmaceutical companies. The products of this industry has to undergo continuous development in order to meet the requirements of the customers. Germany has surpassed the UK in terms of innovations brought in different industries such as power, textiles, and railways (Lichtenthaler and Linchtenthaler, 2009). The business model of the Germany is sophisticated in terms of production processes and distribution channels. The companies of Germany is considered the most innovative companies in the world and spend heavily in the research and development for the purpose of displaying the capability of bringing innovation in the products and services offered by it. The companies also have the ability to absorb new technologies at firm level. Along with this, scientists and engineers are more readily available in the country which facilitates in bringing innovation in the products and services offered by the companies. It also results in increasing the market share of the companies in the country and contribute towards the economic growth and prosperity (Workplace innovation and its relations with organisational performance and employee commitment, 2012). There is a presence of rigidity in the labor market due to lack of flexibility in wage determination and hindrance in the creation of the jobs during downturn of business cycles. In addition to this, there is also a requirement of improving the quality of educational system in the country which helps in providing skilled labor with flexibility for the purpose of improving the innovative capacity of the country. This in turn helps in maintaining the competitive position in the international market. The country has made improvement in the education quality which is considered an important indicator for sustained innovation led growth. In the 1980s, the innovative capacity of the country has grown immensely and tremendously (World Economic Forum, 2015). This country has able to maintain a relatively high level of innovative capacity in the 1990s even though a drop off is resulted from reunification with the East. The country has made investments in innovation infrastructure and support cluster innovation environments. In Germany, government put emphasis on creating new ideas and implements it in different processes and procedures for the purpose of creating value for the customers. The government does not restrict the access to the available relevant data which increases the chances of innovation to be brought in the public policy and increases the political accountability. Companies in Germany are ready to take high risks which enables occurrence of innovation which in turn facilitates in achieving competitive advantage over other players in the market (OECD, 2007). The government also provide support to the businesses which fails due to inadequate occurrence of innovation and unsuccessful implementation. It is necessary for the businesses to have vision for the purpose of identification of the long term gains by providing cutting edge product and process innovation. Germany is performing well in terms of different management practices adopted by manufacturing firms. The management performance of companies has a significant impact in terms of variations in the economic performance of the country. Improvement in the management practices results in increasing the productivity levels of manufacturing firms in the country. Germany is considered as one of the top performers in terms of occurrence of innovation in the companies. This has helped in boosting the overall economic performance of the country (Lichtenthaler and Linchtenthaler, 2009). Japan is ranked 9th in terms of most competitive economies that has a strength in innovation and has gained a strong institutional framework. The country has achieved a competitive edge over other countries in business sophistication and in innovation. There is a presence of talent, high quality research institutions and heavy investments made in research and development which fosters capacity to innovate in the economy. The country has ranked 4th in terms of registration of highest number of patent applications per capita in the world. In addition to this, the companies in the country have produced high value added goods and services which also facilitates in gaining a competitive edge over other economies in the world (Penrose, 2009). The competitiveness of the country has dropped due to presence of severe macro-economic weaknesses. There is an occurrence of budget deficit of 10% of the GDP for the past four years. In addition to this, there is a presence of public debt of around 240% of the GDP of the country. There is a presence of rigidity in the labor market along with the low female participation in the labor force. For creating opportunities for the businesses, the government has levied high taxation and various trade barriers which leads to the occurrence of low foreign investment and ownership. This also leads to the low attraction of the labor towards the businesses. Innovation considers both quality and quantity (Yeo, 2010). Japan is considered as one of the top economies in terms of innovation quality and international dimension of patent applications measured by universities performance and reach of scholarly articles. Although, there is an occurrence of risks, there is an increased growth in the economic performance of the country in comparison to past years. There is a fall in the budget of research and development of the countries due to slowdown in emerging markets and decreased appetite of business investment that resulted in slow down of advanced innovation expenditures. Japan is considered as the most intensive country across the globe in terms of research and development investments (World Economic Forum, 2013). There is a growth of 9% in patent filing in the year 2013 at the global level which helps in hiding of the information of a decline in the actual patent filing in Japan. The level of research and development spending has significantly above the crisis level in Japan which is composite of private and public research and development activities. In this country, the level of research and development activities has reached at a level prior to the occurrence of the crisis. Japan is moving towards top tier performers in terms of innovation as per the global innovation index. According to global innovation index, the country has achieved 19th position in the year 2015. The upward movement in innovation quality is the result of increased levels of patents filed in different offices (Goodwin, et al. 2015). The country is moving upwards in the global innovation index. The country has gained a 2nd position in the patent filling which has a significant affect the overall performance of quality of innovation. It has performed well in the combined quality indicators in comparison to overall rankings. For the filing of the patents, the country uses multiclass filing systems. At the global level the manufacturing output has increased by 2.7% annually in advanced economies. The manufacturing sector has contributed from 10% to 33% in the value added services. This sector has contributed to research and development, trade and productivity to a large level . It facilitates in generation of 70% of exports in manufacturing economies such as Japan. Approximately 90% of the spending in research and development is done in the manufacturing sector for the purpose of providing high quality and innovative products to customers for the purpose of satisfying their needs and demands (Penrose, 2009). The emergence of new technologies and new markets provide opportunities to different manufacturing companies to target new customers by providing them innovative products which are aligned with theire needs and demands but there is also a presence of certain exposures and risks due to occurrence of changes in the business environment such as occurrence of natural disasters like Japans earthquake in 2011. Besides this, the other factors also influence the productivity of the company such as fluctuations in demand and commodity prices, occurrence of disruptions in supply chain and volatility in currency. The innovations and new technologies developed in the manufacturing sector results in increasing the productivity in other sectors (Vermesan and Friess, 2013). Approximately 67to 89% of the research and development expenses are incurred in manufacturing sector. Majority of the manufacturing firms registered patents in the year 2007-2009. This does not include additional investment that was made through research and development service companies. Many of the manufacturing companies such as Toyota has exercised lead factory model which emphasizes on the development of the process and the equipment at the lead plant the processes, applications and platforms that are developed at lead factory is distributed to different branch factories. The central research and development department of Toyota is still located in Japan (Acton, 2012). The main reason behind it is that it facilitates in achievement of intellectual property protection, availability of talent and access to the consumers that demand customized products. In addition to this, the location of research and development department is also highly influenced by incentives and favorable tax policies. Japan concentrates on mass production due to which massive investments are made by the companies to increase the production capacities of their manufacturing plants (Acton, 2012). The public procurement sector of Europe is considered as open in the world despite of the difficulties faced by the firms to enter into public procurement markets at international level. There is an occurrence of maintaining bilateral agreements with different countries such as Japan and US to bring technological innovation in the products and services offered by the companies. The main drivers of economic growth in a country include optimum utilization of available resources such as labor, capital, land and innovation. Japan has limited amount of natural resources. Innovation is considered as the vital input for revitalization of the economy. Growth in the economy of Japan is derived from the firms that exhibit innovative activities to survive in the market (Acton, 2012). UK has ranked 7th across the globe in terms of its overall level of spending in research and development. This country has 3% of the total level of research and development spending at the global level. The country is making relevant investments in intangible assets for the purpose of driving innovation in the economy. The investments made in the research and development has helped in performing well in the challenging economic conditions in the country. Innovation is considered as a key driver for the economic growth and prosperity of the country (Coad, et al., 2014). UK is considered as the largest performer in the research and development domain due to commercialization of the research in the business sector. The research and development expenditure in UK accounts for 1.8% of the GDP in 2011.The government in UK has set a priority to make spending of the money on long term infrastructure projects such as big data, robotics, and in new facilities associated with science and technology for the purpose of acceleration of the economic growth of the country. The country also committed an additional resource funding of 185 million for the purpose of supporting innovation in the business sector (OECD, 2000). The government has also emphasize on removal of the barriers related to innovation in different sectors of economy by the way of implementation of the industrial strategy which is based on five strands namely technologies, procurement, skills, finance and sectors. The country has developed different strategies for different sectors for example agricultural technologies strategy for agriculture sector in order to bring innovations in the agriculture sector. This helps in reducing time and energy devoted by the farmers for plantation (Roper, et al., 2009). This has helped in increasing the contribution of the agricultural sector in the economic growth and prosperity. The government has made an investment of 70 million in a new Agri-Tech Catalyst to support and fund innovative ideas. Besides this, the automotive sector of the country is also highly innovative and has invested around 1.7 billion in the year 2012 in order to bring transformation in the sector to meet the changing demands of customers. It has transformed in a manner that it has the ability to produce three cars in a minute. It also helped in securing the position at the global level for low carbon research and development (Furman, Porter and Stern, 2002). The country has made an investment in eight great emerging technologies in which it has in depth knowledge of research expertise and the capability of the businesses to develop different applications for achieving forefront of commercialization. Such investments are made by the country for the purpose of improving high le vel skills and becoming a global leader in cutting edge field of research (Kramer, Jenkins and Katz, 2007). The country has provided first flexible imaging sensor to the world by bringing innovation through the application of biomedical diagnostics, smart packaging and surface scanners. Along with this, the country has also invented artificial tooth generated by the use of human gum cells in a hope to provide tooth for missing teeth. In UK, research and development activities are carried out majorly in business sector. There is an easy access to finance in UK which provides an attractive business environment for innovation in the country (McKinsey Global Institute, 2012). Firms relies on traditional research and development activities for the purpose of achieving competitive advantage in high value added activities in global value chain. Along with this, there is also a requirement of heavy investment in knowledge and other intangible assets for the purpose of manufacturing hard to imitate products and services. Investment in knowledge based capital has helped in increase in the per capita income of the country due to which the investment in intangible assets is more than the investment in tangible assets of innovation in UK. The country is ranked 2nd in the investments made in intangible assets in the world which includes intellectual property, economic competencies and computerized information (European Commission, 2012). The UK economy is innovation driven and attains 10th position out of 148 countries in the year 2015. The main reason behind it is that the businesses and universities collaborate with each other in order to gain skilled labor that enables process of innovation in the companies to attain sustained competitive advantage in the market. In UK companies find difficulty in accessing finance for carrying out different business operations for the purpose of attaining sustainable competitive advantage. UK has skilled people in research institutions that generates new knowledge and drive innovation in the economy by providing new ideas that can be converted into commercial outcome (Abreu, et al., 2006). Conclusion It can be concluded that there is a significant variations in the economic performance of countries such as USA, China, Japan, Germany and UK due to their capacity for innovation in the countries. Except China, all other countries fall in top 10 innovative countries across the globe. Innovation is taking place in various processes and procedures of different firms which also result in creation of the jobs and contribution towards the economic growth of the country. References Abreu, M. et al. 2006. Absorptive Capacity and regional patterns of Innovation. [Online]. Available at: https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20130401151715/https://www.education.gov.uk/publications/eOrderingDownload/DIUS-RR-08-11.pdf [Accessed on: 1 February 2017]. Acton, Q.A. 2012. Issues in Environmental Law, Policy, and Planning: 2011 Edition. ScholarlyEditions. Acton, Q.A. 2012. Issues in General Economic Research and Application: 2011 Edition. ScholarlyEditions. Acton, Q.A. 2012. Issues in Pharmacology, Pharmacy, Drug Research, and Drug Innovation: 2011 Edition. ScholarlyEditions. Becker, W. and Dietz, J. n.d. RD Cooperation and Innovation Activities of Firms- Evidence for the German Manufacturing Industry. [Online]. 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Developing the creative and innovative potential of young people through non-formal learning in ways that are relevant to employability. [Online]. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/assets/eac/youth/news/2014/documents/report-creative-potential_en.pdf [Accessed on: 1 February 2017]. Fanjiang, G. et al. 2005. Building a Better Delivery System: A New Engineering/Health Care Partnership. National Academies Press. Feldstein, M. 2008. The United States in the World Economy. University of Chicago Press. Furman, J.L., Porter, M.E. and Stern, S. 2002. The determinants of national innovative capacity. Research Policy 31, pp.899-933. Gaile, G.L. and Willmott, G.J. 2005. Geography in America at the Dawn of the 21st Century. Oxford University Press. Goodwin, N. et al. 2015. Microeconomics in Context. Routledge. Greenhalgh, T. et al. 2004. Diffusion of innovations in service organizations: systematic review and recommendations. The Milbank Quarterly 82(4), pp. 581-629. Hall, P.A. and Soskice, D. 2001. Varieties of Capitalism: The Institutional Foundations of Comparative Advantage. OUP Oxford. Heshmati, A. 2007. Recent Developments in the Chinese Economy. Nova Publishers. Huang, K.R. 2014. Ubiquitous Learning Environments and Technologies. Springer. Kocoglu, I. et al. 2012. Learning, RD and Manufacturing capabilities as determinants of technological learning: enhancing innovation and firm performance. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences 58, pp.842-852. Kramer, W.J., Jenkins, B. and Katz, R.S. 2007. The role of the information and communications technology sector in expanding economic opportunity. [Online]. Available at: https://www.hks.harvard.edu/m-rcbg/CSRI/publications/report_22_EO%20ICT%20Final.pdf [Accessed on: 1 February 2017]. Lichtenthaler, U. and Linchtenthaler, E. 2009. A capability based framework for open innovation: complementing absorptive capacity. Journal of Management Studies 46(8), pp. 1315-1338. McKinsey Global Institute. 2012. Manufacturing the future: the next era of global growth and innovation. [Online]. Available at: https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/documents/mep/data/Manufacturing-the-Future.pdf [Accessed on: 1 February 2017]. Melas, A. and Zhang, F. 2016. National innovation systems in the United States and China: A brief review of the literature. [Online]. Available at: https://fletcher.tufts.edu/~/media/Fletcher/Microsites/CIERP/Publications/2016/ECI_Innovation%20Systems_WEB.pdf [Accessed on: 1 February 2017]. National Research Council. 2004. An Assessment of the Small Business Innovation Research Program: Project Methodology. National Academies Press. OECD. 2000. Science, technology and Innovation in the new economy. [Online]. Available at: https://www.oecd.org/science/sci-tech/1918259.pdf [Accessed on: 1 February 2017]. OECD. 2007. Innovation and Growth.: Rationale for an innovation strategy. [Online]. Available at: https://www.oecd.org/sti/inno/39374789.pdf [Accessed on: 1 February 2017]. Penrose, E. 2009. The Theory of the Growth of the Firm. OUP Oxford. Roper, S. et al. 2009. Measuring sectoral innovation capability in nine areas of the UK economy. [Online]. Available at: https://www.nesta.org.uk/sites/default/files/measuring-sectoral-innovation.pdf [Accessed on: 1 February 2017]. Schmid, F. et al. 2012. Computer Integrated Production Systems and Organizations. Springer Science Business Media. Taylor, R. n.d. Skills and innovation in modern workplaces . [Online]. Available at: https://www.leeds.ac.uk/esrcfutureofwork/downloads/fow_publication_6.pdf [Accessed on: 1 February 2017]. United Nations. 2015. Strengthening national systems of innovation to enhance action on climate change. [Online]. Available at: https://unfccc.int/ttclear/misc_/StaticFiles/gnwoerk_static/TEC_documents/fbce5a8dac5f41a48d883c7338ba2281/cdfc733ee9334f09a74c54f9bac257a6.pdf [Accessed on: 1 February 2017]. Usman, K. et al. 2015. The evaluation of innovation capacity of China and its influencing factors. Asian Social Science 11(13), pp. 180-189. Vermesan, D.O. and Friess, D.P. 2013. Internet of Things: Converging Technologies for Smart Environments and Integrated Ecosystems. River Publishers. Workplace innovation and its relations with organisational performance and employee commitment. 2012. [Online]. Available at: https://www.elmmagazine.eu/articles/workplace-innovation-and-its-relations-with-organisational-performance-and-employee-commitment [Accessed on: 1 February 2017]. World Economic Forum. 2013. The Global Competitiveness Index 2013-2014: Country Profile Highlights. [Online]. Available at: https://www3.weforum.org/docs/GCR2013-14/GCR_CountryHighlights_2013-2014.pdf [Accessed on: 1 February 2017]. World Economic Forum. 2015. The global information technology report 2015. [Online]. Available at: https://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Global_IT_Report_2015.pdf Wu, B. 2004. Sustainable Development in Rural China: Farmer Innovation and Self-Organisation in Marginal Areas. Routledge. Yeo, B.J.K. 2010. Driving the knowledge economy: explaining the impact of regional innovation capacity on economic performance. Contemporary Management Research 6(1), pp. 71-86. Zhao, Z. and Yang, C. n.d. An empirical study of Chinas high tech industry innovation capability in Transition. [Online]. Available at: https://press-files.anu.edu.au/downloads/press/p182431/pdf/ch131.pdf [Accessed on: 1 February 2017]. Zohuri, B. 2015. Combined Cycle Driven Efficiency for Next Generation Nuclear Power Plants: An Innovative Design Approach. Springer.

The Hunger Problem in the Modern World

Analysis of Hunger Hunger is one issue that falls under food insecurity. In fact, it is the biggest problem facing any people in modern society. Failure to get enough amount of energy in a day as recommended by world organizations such as Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) is defined as hunger. An individual could be hungry for a day, a whole year, or several years. The persistent growth of hunger results to a state where there is no surety of accessing adequate amount of food.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Hunger Problem in the Modern World specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This impairs the normal health and development of people. Hunger makes a nation weak because people become tired, weak, malnourished, and in most cases, they lose concentration. The continued lack of food is dangerous, as the health specialists hold that under such circumstances, the body feeds on itself. This means that food store d in the body is converted to nutrients for use. This is where fats are converted metabolically to give energy. These conditions lead to death in extreme circumstances. Statistics from FAO show that in 2010, nineteen million people from developed countries were hungry. Latin America and the Caribbean had fifty three million people without food, and East Africa and North Africa accounted for thirty seven million people (Dole 17). Sub-Saharan Africa had the largest share of two hundred and thirty nine million out of the nine hundred million people who went without food in the world. Children are the most affected group. They are malnourished, which affects their health as UNICEF estimates that children in such conditions spent almost half of the year being sick. Deaths in children associated with malnutrition account for almost five million of the eleven million child deaths yearly. The impact of this is immense in Asia and Africa. Causes of hunger The causes of hunger are many and ar e common in all areas that are affected. Poverty is one of the leading causes of hunger in the world. The resources all over the world are inadequate while those that are available are poorly distributed. The UN report indicates that more than two million people in the world lived below one dollar a day in the year 2005. The same report highlighted that slightly more than a billion people were undernourished. Poverty remains the main cause of hunger despite the efforts made to alleviate the condition. The reasons for persistent hunger in the world are the harmful economic systems. The current political and economic systems control all the resources yet the principal foundations of those systems are based on power, military, and economic supremacy (Diamond 23). These systems ensure that the resources are controlled by few and as such, the majority is left to suffer. In other parts of the world such as Asia and Africa, hunger is caused by armed conflicts. Civil strives are frequent, w hich mainly arise from competing interests in political power circles and persistent military coups. The number of refugees is beyond manageable levels. This situation calls for countries to divert the resources that would be helpful in other sectors to taking care of the refugees.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Conflicts result to poverty since people do not get time to settle and engage in food production activities. Climate change stands out as both a natural and manmade cause of hunger. Disasters that include floods, drought, and changing weather conditions have been mentioned as the factors behind the ever-changing patterns of climate and therefore farmers in the world are not able to make the right farming decisions. Works Cited Diamond, Jared. Guns, Germs Steel: the fate of human societies. New York: Norton publishers, 1999. Print. Dole, Bob. Ending hunger: A challenge t o persons of faith. New York: Augsburg Fortress, 2010. Print. This essay on The Hunger Problem in the Modern World was written and submitted by user Carlie Reilly to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Recommend a Good Book to Me - Interview Question Tips

Recommend a Good Book to Me - Interview Question Tips The question can come in many different forms: Whats the last book you read?; Tell me about a good book youve read recently; Whats your favorite book? Why?; What types of books do you like to read?; Tell me about a good book you read for pleasure. Its one of the most common interview questions. The Purpose of the Question Whatever the form of the question, the interviewer is trying to learn a few things by asking about your reading habits and book preferences: Do you read for pleasure?  Active readers are people who are intellectually curious. They are also people who are likely to have better reading comprehension and writing skills than non-readers. Students who read a lot in high school are more likely to succeed in college than students who dont.Do you know how to talk about books?  A lot of your college course work will involve discussing and writing about what you have read. This interview question helps figure out if you are up for the challenge.Your interests. You are likely to get asked about your interests and passions in another interview question, but books are one more way to approach the topic. If you have a love of novels about Cold War espionage, that information helps the interviewer get to know you better.A book recommendation. An interview is a two-way conversation, and your interviewer may actually want to learn about some good books he or she isnt familiar with. The Best Books to Discuss Dont try to second guess this question too much by recommending a book simply because it has historical or cultural significance. Youll sound insincere if you state that Bunyans Pilgrims Progress is your favorite book when in truth your much prefer Stephen King novels. Nearly any work of fiction or nonfiction can work for this question as long as you have things to say about it and it is at an appropriate reading-level for a college-bound student. There are, however, a few types of works that might be weaker choices than others. In general, avoid works such as these: Works that were obviously assigned in class. Part of this question is to see what you read outside of class. If you name To Kill a Mockingbird or Hamlet, youll sound as if youve never read anything but assigned books.Juvenile fiction. You dont need to hide your love of Diary of a Wimpy Kid or Redwall books, but these works are also loved by kids much younger than you. Youd do better to recommend a book that is more in line with a college-level reader.Works chosen simply to impress. James Joyces Finnegans Wake isnt anyones favorite book, and youll sound insincere if you recommend a challenging book in an effort to make yourself look smart. The issue gets a little more fuzzy with works like Harry Potter and Twilight. Certainly plenty of adults (including many college admissions folks) devoured all of the Harry Potter books, and youll even find college courses on Harry Potter (check out these top colleges for Harry Potter fans). You certainly dont need to hide the fact that you were addicted to popular series such as these. That said, so many people love these books (including much younger readers) that they make for a rather predictable and uninteresting answer to the interviewers question. So what is the ideal book? Try to come up with something that fits these general guidelines: Pick a book that you sincerely love and that you are comfortable talking about.Pick a book with enough substance to it so that you can explain why you like the book.Pick a book that is at an appropriate reading level; something that is a huge hit among fourth-graders is probably not your best choice.Pick a book that gives the interviewer a window into your interests and passions. This last point is important -   the interviewer wants to get to know you better. The fact that the college has interviews means that they have holistic admissions  - they are evaluating you as a person, not as a collection of grades and test scores.  This interview question isnt so much about the book you choose as it is about you. Make sure you are able to articulate why you are recommending the book. Why did the book speak to you more than other books? What about the book did you find so compelling? How did the book engage issues that you are passionate about? How did the book open your mind or create new understanding? Some Final Interview Advice As you prepare for your interview, be sure to master each of these 12 common interview questions. Also be sure to avoid these 10 interview mistakes. The interview is typically a friendly exchange of information, so try not to get to stressed about it. If youve focused on a book that you truly enjoyed reading and youve thought about why you enjoy it, you should have little difficulty with this interview question.

Visa O para trabajar en USA - habilidad extraordinaria

Visa O para trabajar en USA - habilidad extraordinaria Entre las visas que autorizan a  trabajar en Estados Unidos se encuentra la O, que se conceden a personas con habilidades extraordinarias. Este artà ­culo se explica cules son los puntos bsicos que deben tenerse en cuenta para considerar si es la visa apropiada y que, por lo tanto, debe buscarse. Adems, al final se hace referencia a cules son otras opciones de visa, para el caso de que la visa O no resulte la apropiada. Campos en los que es posible la visa O No todos los profesionales pueden optar a las visas O. Y es que estn limitadas a profesionales con habilidades extraordinarias y que adems estn encuadrados en los siguientes  campos: CienciasDeportesArtesEducacià ³nNegociosCine y la Televisià ³n En los cuatro primeros casos se tendrà ­a una visa O-1A, mientras que para los profesionales del cine o de la televisià ³n la visa es la O-1B. Aunque es comà ºn considerar que esta visa es, principalmente, para artistas, no es asà ­. Entre los profesionales que han recibido esta visa se encuentran: AgentesChefsDeportistas y entrenadoresDirectores de MarcaDirectores de mercadeoDirectores de publicidadEstilistas de cabelloFotà ³grafosGaleristasMaquilladoresPintoresProductoresSommeliersRestauradores de muebles, etc. Quà © se entiende por habilidad extraordinaria para la visa O Las visas O requieren que la persona extranjera que se beneficia pueda ser considerado como un profesional con una habilidad extraordinaria. En el caso de las visas O-1A no es necesario haber ganado el Premio Nobel pero sà ­ hay que ser una persona con un historial de trabajo de excelente calidad y respetada en su campo y que es considerada como que  figura entre los mejores en su campo de actuacià ³n. Esta circunstancia se puede acreditar mediante premios nacionales o locales de renombre o documentando membresà ­a en organizaciones profesionales de reconocido prestigio. Tambià ©n son vlidos como prueba los artà ­culos publicados en revistas profesionales de prestigio. En el caso particular del mundo de los negocios se puede demostrar que la capacidad de una persona ha sido crà ­tica para establecer la reputacià ³n de una compaà ±Ãƒ ­a o que tiene dotes de gestià ³n reconocidos. En todos los casos, un salario alto puede probar la habilidad laboral especial. En cuanto a la visa O-1B, los artistas deben probar que han alcanzado un nivel de distincià ³n dentro de su campo. Es decir, deben tener una reputacià ³n sobresaliente  que se puede acreditar mediante  premios de renombre, las crà ­ticas en la prensa, contratos, evidencia de à ©xito comercial o ingresos altos en relacià ³n a otros profesionales. En general se considera que es ms difà ­cil probar el carcter excepcional en  cine y televisià ³n que en el de las Artes. Visas O derivadas para personal de apoyo y para familiares Entre las visas derivadas se encuentra la O-2 para personas que con habilidades reconocidas y experiencia trabajando con el titular de una O-1 para quien su labor resulta imprescindible y no puede ser realizado por un trabajador con permiso de trabajo en EU. Estas visas sà ³lo se dan en los mbitos deportivos y artà ­sticos. Por à ºltimo, el cà ³nyuge y los hijos solteros menores de 21 aà ±os del titular de una visa O-1 y de una O-2 pueden viajar a EU con una visa O-3. Durante su estancia  no podrn trabajar. Adems, el titular de la visa O podrà ­a solicitar una B-1 para sus empleados domà ©sticos, siempre que se cumplan los requisitos. Cà ³mo se solicita la visa O La forma de solicitar este tipo de visa es presentando ante el Servicio de Inmigracià ³n y Ciudadanà ­a (USCIS) por sus siglas en inglà ©s, el formulario I-129 de Peticià ³n de Trabajador Extranjero. Debe enviarse al menos 45 dà ­as antes de la fecha de inicio del contrato. Este tipo de visa permite el pago de una tarifa extra para acelerar su tramitacià ³n. Adems, este formulario debe presentarse junto con documentacià ³n de apoyo, entre ella lo que se conoce como consulta. Una vez que se solicita la visa es posible verificar su estatus online.  ¿En quà © consiste la consulta y cundo no es necesaria? Es una opinià ³n dada por escrito por una persona o un grupo, como por ejemplo un sindicato, que es considerado como un experto en el campo de la persona para la que se solicita la visa O. En dicho escrito se validan sus habilidades. Se recomienda que esa consulta està © en papel de carta con marca de agua para acreditar su autenticidad. Sin embargo, se considera que no es necesaria esta consulta en dos casos. En primer lugar, cuando el peticionario de la visa pueda demostrar que no existe ni persona experta ni grupo para dar su opinià ³n. Y, en segundo lugar, cuando el beneficiario de la visa ya hubiera realizado una labor similar en Estados Unidos y exista una consulta al respeto de menos de dos aà ±os. En este caso se debe solicitar una exencià ³n al requisito de la consulta.  ¿Quià ©n puede ser solicitante de una visa O? ¿Es posible auto-emplearse con visa O? Aunque es frecuente creer que es posible que un trabajador extranjero se patrocine a sà ­ mismo una visa O, lo cierto es que la respuesta es negativa. Se necesita alguien que patrocine, que puede ser: Una empresa o empleador con base en los Estados UnidosUn agente Y necesariamente se debe trabajar para quien patrocina. Esto es asà ­ con independencia de si se tiene la consideracià ³n de trabajador en sentido estricto o si se le paga como contratista independiente, utilizndose en este caso la planilla 1099. En ocasiones puede darse el caso de que una persona extranjera funde una empresa en Estados Unidos y que esta empresa pueda contratarlo a travà ©s de una   visa O-1A. Estas son 7 opciones ms. Y entonces,  ¿por quà © se conoce a la visa O como una visa freelance? Hay que decir que no lo es. De hecho, en Estados Unidos no hay una visa para freelance. Lo que sucede es que si el patrocinador es un agente pueden darse situaciones que pueden dar la apariencia de freelance.   Por ejemplo, si el agente es el empleador, pero tiene contratos con varias empresas distintas y entonces el beneficiario de la visa O realiza trabajos para distintas empresas. Pero lo importante es entender que aà ºn en esta situacià ³n el patrocinador-empleador es el agente. Duracià ³n de la visa O Una visa de trabajo es siempre necesaria, aà ºn asà ­ sea para trabajar sà ³lo medio dà ­a. Si se trabaja sin un documento que lo permita se estarà ­a cometiendo una violacià ³n migratoria con posibles consecuencias. Las visas O se conceden  por un mximo de tres aà ±os, aunque puede ser por sà ³lo unos dà ­as. En teorà ­a, pueden renovarse sin là ­mite hasta el fin de la actividad laboral de su titular. Esto en la prctica equivale a que algunas personas desarrollen toda su vida laboral con este tipo de visa. Cà ³mo interactà ºa la visa O con otros tipos de visa Puede ocurrir que una misma persona podrà ­a solicitar distintas visas o que la visa O no sea realmente una buena opcià ³n por no cumplirse los requisitos. Para decidirse sobre cul pedir, debe saberse cules son sus objetivos y cules son las ventajas de unas visas sobre otras y cules son los requisitos. En este punto es importante familiarizarse con los puntos bsicos, pero asesorarse con un abogado migratorio experto en este tipo de visas. Por ejemplo, la visa O es muy parecida a la visa EB-2. La gran diferencia es que con esta à ºltima se emigra a USA con carcter permanente y, en consecuencia, se obtiene una tarjeta de residencia. En esta opcià ³n podrà ­an encajar las personas con estudios avanzados ms all de la licenciatura y aquà ©llas con una habilidad excepcional  en el campo de las Ciencias, las Artes o los Negocios. Otro camino para la green card pero sà ³lo abierto a las personas que puedan calificar como lo mejor en los campos de Deportes, Ciencias, Artes, Educacià ³n y Negocios es la visa de inmigrante que se conoce como EB-1. En cuanto a otras visas no que conviene conocer est  H1-B  para profesionales. La gran diferencia es que en el primer caso, excepto para el supuesto de los modelos, se exigen estudios de licenciatura. Adems, con la visa la visa H-1B puede haber el problema de los cupos por aà ±o fiscal. Esta inconveniencia obliga casi todos los aà ±os a tener que celebrar una loterà ­a para determinar quà © solicitantes de H-1B vern su visa tramitada, si bien hay excepciones por categorà ­as, empleador e incluso por paà ­ses, siendo Chile un caso a tener en cuenta. Adems, en los casos de las profesiones que permiten solicitar la visa TN, à ©sta puede ser una buena opcià ³n para los mexicanos y los canadienses. Este es un articulo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

How i am alike my mother.(write a essay in which you discribe three

How i am alike my mother.(write a in which you discribe three characteristics i have in herited from aparent - Essay Example By eighteen, I look a lot like Mom; I am her height- well in my high heels to be honest. We share the same hair color, widow’s peak, and skin tone†¦and will those dimples still look great, when we grow older. Armed with these physical assets and her quick mind, I put on airs to match her elegance, because I believe that’s a shortcut to becoming more like her. Well, to be straight, we look the same when we are in this frame of mind, and in a lovely environment such as this. However, when we have our differences, Mom becomes a cool still lake without a single ripple, and I am like a stormy sea with huge emotional waves crashing all over – and even then we are the same†¦ because we tenaciously hang on to our individual point of view. My biology teacher had of course de-mystified the whole business of inheritance so I knew why I look like her. My mother had genes that expressed traits more dominantly than my father’s for eye color, dimples, and the widows peak, so I inherited the dominant set from her. In reality, it is the complex interaction of several genes that gives rise to these traits. Genes are very basic units of inheritance that decide what traits will be expressed. These genes are made of DNA, riding on chromosomes. DNA are in the form of double helices, and their constituent protein sequence determines the gene structure, and thereby the trait expressed. (Heredity and Genetics). That is why I have Dad’s eyes, and still most of me looks like my mother. The day has been long and exciting, and as I get between the covers of my bed, I cannot stop the last thought that goes through my mind, as Mom walks in to say goodnight. Even without our physical resemblances I would love to be like Mom - to be an organized home-keeper and balance a wonderful career at one and the same time, to be the strength of her husband, and the sanctuary for her child’s confidences. God bless

Marketing management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 2

Marketing management - Essay Example They have specialty outlets to cater to niche segments of high spenders as well as sports lovers. One such company is Black’s Leisure Group plc (Blacks) whose principal activity is outdoor and boardwear retailing. The Group operates through two retail chains of stores called Outdoor and ONeill. The core activities of Outdoor comprise of outdoor and boardwear clothing, footwear and equipment, while ONeill functions as a distributor and retailer of ONeill products in UK. In 12 months ending March 2007On sales of  £ 298.276m it suffered a loss of  £ 12.353m. This has improved somewhat for the next 6 month period in current year by September end with sales at  £146.8m with profits at  £0.2m. This cannot be considered final as the annual set offs like depreciation and reserves can only be calculated at the end of the year. Blacks have also closed down 7 loss making stores out of 45 planned for closure. It also continues to face tough competition from top 4 competitors. The overall market of sportswear is certainly increasing but the prices are under pressure due to customer resistance and high degree of competition. The fact is both external environments affect the competitive advantage of companies and therefore the PEST analysis helps the management to deal with situations and formulate strategic policies to overcome, circumvent or even take advantage of these factors. PEST stands for Political, Economical, Socio-Cultural and Technological factors. As they are all external, the company can at best try to strategize to tune itself in accordance with them for survival, sustenance and indeed for growth. Economical factors cover Development of relevant economic indicators, Business cycles, Unemployment and Industry structures. The economic indicators show growth in the UK economy with controlled inflation at around 3%. The economy has experienced an unusually long period

Book List For Dialectical Journal 2 1 Essay Example for Free

Book List For Dialectical Journal 2 1 Essay Quote Reply War is peace, freedom is slavery, ignorance is strength They are the Party slogans, and are wri? en in big le? ers on the white pyramid of the Ministry of Truth. Who controls the past controls the future. Who controls the present controls the past. The people controlling the present control everything and can ul! mately change the past and, therefore; the future. Big brother controls the present. The slogan is an example of the Partys technique of using false history to  deteriorate the psychological independence of its people. To Kill A Mocking Bird Harper Lee Lord of the Flies William Golding An! gone Sophocles The Joy Luck Club Amy Tan Bless Me, Ul! ma Rudolfo Anaya Black Boy Richard Wright Of Mice and Men John Steinbeck Night Elie Weisel The Things They Carried Tim O’Brien Catcher in the Rye J. D. Salinger Odyssey Homer The Picture of Dorian Grey Oscar Wilde Julius Caesar William Shakespeare The Perks of Being a Wall7ower Stephen Chbosky.

cheese :: essays research papers

Rotten Cheese   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬ËœThe Farmer and the Dell’ is a rhyme meant for children. I am the Cheese, by Robert Cormier, is a book meant for no one. The story begins with an odd child, Adam, riding his bike to Rutterburb, Vermont (1). Throughout the story, Adam tells his history and childhood to man called Brint in a small room like a psychiatrist’s office, which seems to be in the future compared to Adam’s bike-riding story. As Adam tells his story to Brint, he slowly remembers pieces of his earlier childhood that were unknown. The bike marathon part of the story ends up actually being part of Adam’s imagination. All of the people he meets are actually workers/patients at a mental institution where he is being interrogated by Brint. Cormier uses this confusing attempt at a story to develop Adam’s character and the style of the story.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Throughout the story, Adam develops in many ways. Cormier uses the ways Adam reacts to other people and situations to show how Adam develops. Indirectly, Cormier uses the dog attack on Adam to show Adam’s fear of dogs (35). Cormier also directly states that â€Å"the dog is ferocious and I am terrified,† (35). Adam was also a calm reclusive child until he met Amy (55). She helped to bring out Adam and helped him to share his feelings ( ).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cormier uses the time and place to show the passage of time between storylines and the background of the story. The setting changes when the storylines change, such as when Adam is taking his trip to when he is telling Brint his story. The point of view of the story also changes. When Adam is riding his bike, the point of view is from Adam. This is used effectively to show Adam’s feelings and reactions. The point of view then changes, while Adam is talking to Brint, to third person. This is also effective by allowing the reader to ‘witness’ Adam’s thoughts. Events that occur are told in third person to help the reader understand how Adam is feeling even without telling the story from his point of view.

Politics of Democratic States Essay

Speaking more fully about the threat of terrorism and the need for intelligence to fight it, the reliance on terrorism has been very widespread when speaking of the fight against global terror. Initially, the answer to fighting terrorism was thought to be laws against terrorist activities in an effort to try to prevent terrorist acts; however, this was shown to be ineffective, evidenced by many events worldwide. Eventually, the valid conclusion was reached that solid intelligence was much more effective to prevent organized terror efforts where laws to discourage them have failed (Evening Standard-London). In yet another case, we see how intelligence has become something upon which governments large and small rely for their very survival. Indeed, no nation can survive without economic, as well as domestic security, which has caused a reliance on intelligence for economic security also. Intelligence in the Service of Economic Security In ancient times, the tribes with the most gold controlled territories because of their ability to purchase what was needed pay soldiers to fight, and so forth. In modern life, economic security is a key concern as well for every nation. Without the ability to maintain an effective military, provide for the wellbeing of the citizens, and keep the population feeling confident about the nation, indeed nothing can take place. Therefore, economic security must stay at the highest possible level, which once again is made possible through effective intelligence operations (Foucauld). Indeed, the correct intelligence is essential to the economic security of a nation because if good intelligence indicates that there are financial allocations required for a given course of defense, and massive financial resources are dedicated to that effort, it can well be a highly wise investment in the longevity of the nation. On the other hand, however, if bad intelligence leans toward a massive financial obligation which was not needed, and the obligation is made at the sacrifice of other needed alternatives, the consequences could be devastating. In this scenario, the relationship between intelligence and financial security is clear; intelligence is essential for smart budgetary decisions, but the intelligence must likewise be of sufficient accuracy to warrant valid strategic moves. In the previous section of this paper, the discussion of oil came about in terms of its strategic importance in the world; in this section that deals with finance, the oil issue bears repeating. Oil is a key economic driver worldwide, and therefore, nations rely on intelligence about the global oil supply to plan for their future initiatives. Oil, in the modern economy, is much like gold was to the early tribal leaders. The nations that have the majority of the oil supply indeed hold the key to the financial progress of the globe in their hands. Without a free flow of oil in the world, the economy is bound to stall, and chaos will ensue. Reports indicate that the nations that hold the major world supplies of oil guard the amount of available oil as a deeply guarded state secret, so as not to tip their advantage to other nations; therefore, clandestine intelligence is so very important to try to learn this information. Again, bad intelligence in this area, or none at all, could be deadly. The reliance on intelligence continues in this area as well. Conclusion This paper has utilized relevant literature and educated conclusions based upon that literature to explore government intelligence in greater depth in an effort to understand why governments rely on it. If nothing else has been proved in this paper, it cannot be denied that given the complex world in which modern governments operate, an intelligence network of some sort must be in place for all nations to protect their own interests as well as to monitor the activities of rival nations and their international neighbors. Perhaps, as well, an answer to the conflicts of the world lies in the use of intelligence, for if a nation is able to prove and understand that their neighbors are not as threatening as they appear, and that they are gathering intelligence to confirm the same about other nations, maybe everyone can relax a bit and have a more amiable international relationship, which in the long run, could help the world to be safer and more prosperous. Works Cited Bar-Joseph, Uri. Intelligence Intervention in the Politics of Democratic States: The United States, Israel, and Britain. University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1995. DeSouza, Patrick J. , ed. Economic Strategy and National Security: A Next Generation Approach. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 2000. Foucauld, Jean-Baptiste De. â€Å"Post-Industrial Society and Economic Security. † International Labour Review 135. 6 (1996): 675+. â€Å"The Hidden Hand: Britain, America and Cold War Secret Intelligence. † Contemporary Review Nov. 2001: 320.

Architectural Intervention in the Historic City of Panipat

ARCHITECTURAL INTERVENTION IN THE HISTORIC CITY OF PANIPATKey words: Panipat, War commemoration, Tourism, Heritage, DevelopmentIntroductionPanipat has ever been a landmark metropolis with its history dating back from the Mahabharata epoch. The metropolis has seen an tremendous alteration from the yesteryear to the present, from a decisive battleground which changed the history of Hindustan to a busy industrial Centre. The purpose of this paper is to measure the function architecture plays in the individuality devising of a metropolis keeping the relationship between the yesteryear and the present. This paper tries to find the possibilities of developing ‘phoenix tourism’ in the signifier of a war commemoration in Panipat to reconstruct the bing commemorations and the add-on a new signifier of touristry apart from the Highway and the Pilgrim touristry. Phoenix touristry as a term coined by Lynch ( 2007 ) is a new sort of touristry related to decease but stressing more on lifting from the ashes. Similar is a vision of constructing a new individuality for Panipat by conveying back the fring history of the topographic point. To understand this it is really of import to understand the bing built signifiers in the metropolis, to unify the bing landforms into one alone individuality. PANIPAT, THE GATEWAY TO INDIA Panipat, a metropolis known as the ‘CITY OF HANDLOOM’ in present twenty-four hours enjoys the pride of witnessing the three celebrated decisive conflicts of Panipat in the old ages 1526, 1556 and 1761 which changed the whole history of India. The metropolis was one time called the ‘gateway to India’ for its geographical location and closeness to Delhi, ( the so capital of India ) has now turned into a major industrial town in Haryana. It is located on the National Highway No. 1 ( Grand Trunk Road ) , one of the oldest main roads of India doing the metropolis connected to Delhi and Amritsar ( Town and state Planning Dept. , 2006 ) . The expansive bole route extends from the Bengal to Kabul doing it a major path linking the state with the Afghans doing the metropolis a gateway to India. This path has bought Babur to Hindustan, Ahmed Shah Abidali and many more Afghan encroachers and swayers. Panipat is located 90 kilometers from New Delhi. Harmonizing to the National capital part program, Panipat is seen as a regional Centre in Haryana sub- part of National Capital Region which brings the demand to escalate development in the metropolis ( Town and state Planning Dept. , 2006 ) .Sr. no.Land usageArea within municipal bounds ( in hour angle. )Area within extended municipal bounds ( in hour angle. )Area within controlled country ( in hour angle. )Entire country ( in hour angle. )% age of entire country1Residential4003002282298242.532Commercial11550972623.753Industrial2622931135169024.104Conveyance and communicating42–4755177.375Public public-service corporations44–1732173.106Public and semi public10581802934.187Open infinites88–4855738.188Particular zone––4774776.80Entire105665153047011100.00Beginning: Town and state planning section, Haryana Govt. Figure 1. Proposed land uses for 2021 As seen in figure 1, a major portion of the metropolis land is under the industrial sector while presently the metropolis holds about negligible land in the Open, Public and semi- public infinites. the industrial sector presently is scattered among the commercial and the residential sectors deteriorating the populating status of the people. The metropolis has seen growing in population chiefly during the clip of divider and besides between 1991- 2001. In the period of 1991- 2001, the metropolis has seen a growing of 89.35 % i.e. from 1,90,000 to 3,62,047, this happened due to the slack in the market and closing of certain Spinning Millss ( Town and Country Planning Dept. , 2006 ) . With this the metropolis hold the bulk of the population i.e. 41 % working in the industrial sector. Panipat is an industrial town of International degrees due to its export of handlooms ( Town and Country Planning Dept. , 2006 ) . A metropolis with international delegates frequently tends to ask for people to the metropolis. This makes it of import to construct an individuality for the metropolis which can keep the international criterions. Panipat being a battleground in the yesteryear has witnessed constructions build by the imperiums who took portion in the war. The first conflict of Panipat between Babur and Ibrahim Lodhi bought the Mughals to India every bit good their manner of architecture. A symbol of their manner here being the Kabuli Mosque construct by Babur to tag his triumph. Panipat has seen batch of deceases during these conflicts. Empires had lost many of its heroism soldiers as good some outstanding leaders. The defeated ground forces, to mark the decease of their leaders and soldiers built graves or commemorations in their recollection. Ibrahim Lodhi, the last Sultan of the Lodhi dynasty was killed in the battleground which can be witnessed with his grave physique by this followings. During the 2nd conflict of Panipat, when the commanding officer in head was killed by the head of Akbar, his followings construct his grave at the topographic point where he took his last breath. The 3rd conflict of Panipa t was the autumn of a major imperium of India, the Marathas, which made it easy for the British to capture India. This conflict lasted for three months and over 70,000 Mahrattas were killed. The commanding officer in head of the ground forces, Sadashiv Bhau was killed while contending the conflict. It is said that the topographic point where Bhau died, a tree came up with black Mangifera indicas, giving the memorial the name of ‘kala amb’ . The topographic point of the tree now holds an obelisk to tag the 3rd conflict of Panipat ( asi ) . Haryana in the present twenty-four hours besides is a province dedicated to the Indian Army Force, the province despite holding merely 2 % of the Indian population contributes to 10 % of the officers in the ground forces ( Times of India ) . These sites give the metropolis its alone individuality of diverseness in the architectural manners every bit good as the builders of these sites. These sites have besides helped maintain the history of the metropolis integral. But, now in the current scenario none of these sites are maintained and their being is acquiring neglected. To maintain the history of the metropolis alive the authorities along with the archeological section has built a conflict museum in the metropolis which once more turned out to be a letdown in the touristry sector with no care and carelessness by the people. This leads us to a inquiry on how to develop the metropolis to do it utile every bit good as bring back its individuality? Restoring THE History The historic sites showcases the heritage values such as societal. Historical and architectural. They non merely go an individuality of the topographic point but besides the people associated with the topographic point. When a heritage site becomes the portion of a metropolis, it becomes vn more indispensable to continue the site as it is someplace responsible for the growing of the metropolis. For illustration, the ruddy garrison in New Delhi, was built by Shah Jahan as his capital, the topographic point where the major determinations sing the state were made. The site is presently a major landmark and acts as a major tourer finish and during particular events like Independence Day and Dusserah, the gardens of the castle are really much used. As Daniel Libeskind told of a â€Å"need to defy the erasure of history, the demand to react to history, the demand to open the hereafter: that is, to define the unseeable on the footing of the visible† ( Libeskind, 1999:127 ) . In the present century, these heritage sites are given major importance as they are possible of advancing heritage touristry which in bend attracts more developers. But non all built signifiers of the yesteryear are restored depending on its importance and the strength of the built signifiers. In a conference held by the UNESCO World Heritage Centres at Vienna in 2005 shows the debated on the function of modern-day architecture in today’s historic urban landscape where the ‘historic urban landscape’ was defined to travel beyond the impressions of historic Centres, ensembles and milieus but besides to include the bordered territorial and landscape context. It should be composed of character- specifying elements: land usage and forms, spacial administration, ocular relationships and all elements of the proficient substructure. During the conference, three major attacks were made in the direction of the Historic metropoliss i.e. by giving importance to the landscape, touristry development and presenting modern-day architecture to heighten the historic importance of the site ( Van Oers ) . Panipat seems to be a disconnected landscape, where all historical and ideological interruptions are seeable in discontinuity. To unify the disconnected landscape to a alone individuality, the signifier and design is ever debated. There is ever a battle over facade architecture, historic justness, and trial brings a argument about the map of public, societal and cultural infinites in a post- industrialist metropolis ( Heidenreich. L ) . The argument over the merger of modern and traditional has been predominating in many iconic built signifiers. A similar illustration can be seen in the Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park in Japan which was a memorial with the idea to take the visitants counter- chronologically from the hereafter to the yesteryear ( Cho. H ) . The landscape was built for the planetary peace which bought the argument that if modernism is showcased, it would stand for an flight for the troubled universe while the turning involvement in traditional elements echoed a recoverin g self- assurance and the reclamation of chauvinistic sentiments. To get the better of this argument, architect Kenzo Tange adopted a modernist manner engagement with the influence from the traditional art and civilization which helped him interrupt with the nation’s imperial yesteryear and besides address the international architecture community ( Cho. H ) . But for constructing a Contemporary built signifier in a historic site demands to keep the design quality and character of the infinite. This can be done with the aid of perspective planning tools like tallness limitations, envelop restrictions, stuff limitations etc. ( Macdonald, 2011 ) . Charles Jencks negotiations about iconic edifices as the cultural look of dynamic metropoliss which gives an individuality to a metropolis like the Sydney opera house does to Sydney ( Jenks, 2005 ) . But the presence of an iconic edifice is ever debated in a historic built environment where an iconic edifice can take away the individua lity of the historic site every bit good on the other manus can be a necessary add-on to a more traditional reinforced environment. Sometimes it is of import to hold the combination of historic beds and parts that contribute to the significance ( Macdonald, 2011 ) of the metropolis as a whole.WAR MEMORIAL IN PANIPATPanipat, as seen has historic sites related to wars. These sites are scattered all over the metropolis cut downing the strong image of the topographic point. As seen earlier, a conflict museum was built to demo the history of the topographic point but it turned out to be a failure. The ground of the failure is simple, people couldn’t relate themselves to the topographic point and give them the sense of belonging. This brings a demand of a topographic point which can be related to people and more used by people. The part of Haryana skidders can be seen at the Rezang La base on balls in Jammu and Kashmir where out of the 114 soldiers commemorated, 109 were from Harya na ( Hindustan Time, 2012 ) . With every soldier’s decease, a whole household is affected. A female parent loses her immature boy, a adult females becomes a widow, and many childs lose their male parent. Government gives compensation to the households for their loss they bear for the national security, but is this sufficiency for the household to get the better of their loss? War commemoration is a topographic point to toast the soldiers who sacrificed their lives for the state and besides to retrieve their heroism and triumphs. A topographic point to experience proud of the young person. A war commemoration non merely would move like an iconic building/ landscape but would besides complement to the history of the topographic point. At regular times each twelvemonth, activities such as memorial walks, artistic shows, community events, re-enactments and both little and big formal commemorative ceremonials are conducted to retrieve the war across the universe. In add-on to the war commemorations, many of the battlegrounds offer picturesque scenery and leisure activities such as basking nutrient ( Winter, 2012 ) . This sort of tourism/ trial is been given many names likebequest touristry, genealogical touristry, dark touristry( attention should be taken in attaching the term ‘dark tourism’ to all signifiers of battlefield touristry ) ,thanatourismetc. These sort of touristry attempts to link us with the past. War commemorations, the general term for infinites to retrieve the war are built holding assorted ideas in head. The grounds can be personal, political, peace-making, provoking, tourer based, etc. the historian find an event to retrieve, a politician happen it as a testimonial to the solider, an a rmy officer might happen it arousing to work even harder, or possibly he might even believe of the loss he/ she had to take for a triumph, hence, he must be looking for peace at that place. As Scheff ( 2007 ) observed in the Arlington War Memorial, California, when a individual enduring from the similar loss as their meet, they get an chance to show their emotion to a similar individual assisting them ‘move on’ with their lives and removes the agonies from them. ‘The sing to commemorations and the creative activity of new rites might be a measure off from war towards peace’ ( Scheff ) . In the present twenty-four hours where people live in atomic households, and migrate from one topographic point to another, brings the inability to mourn doing it more hard to people to come out of their heartaches. Discussion Haryana being a province with many war widows faces the emotional agony to them and their households. Many of these even immature to get down a life all over once more, but largely they are surrounded by the lesions of the yesteryear which disables them to travel frontward in life. A few commemorations are built in the state to mark the soldiers near the war sites, but these battlegrounds are by and large far off from the abodes of the households affected disenabling them to see the site to their desires. A memorial in common for the lost soldiers in the several provinces would assist convey a common platform for the people of mourn and retrieve their beloved departed. MentionsCho, H. ( 2012 ) Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park and the Making of Nipponese Postwar Architecture: ( 66:1 )Journal of Architectural Educationpp. 72-83Archaeological section of India, Chandigarh CircleHaryana Government, Town and Country Planning Department ( 2006 ) No. CCP ( NCR ) /FDP/PN/PCA/2006/3936.Haryana touristry Development Authority [ online ] haryanatourism.gov.inLynch, P & A ; Causeric, S. ( 2007 ) The Significance of Dark Tourism in the Procedure of Tourism Development after a Long Term Political Conflict: An Issue of Northern Ireland.ASA Conference 2007: Thinking Through Tourism, London Metropolitan University, London.Macdonald, S ( 2011 ) Contemporary Architecture in Historic Urban Environment: ( 26,2 )the GCI Newsletter. [ Online ] URL: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.getty.eduSura, A. ( 2014 ) Haryana adds more musculus to Indian Army, leaves Punjab buttocks.The Times of India[ Online ] 14ThursdayJune. Available from: www.timesofindia.indiatimes.com [ accesse d on: 18ThursdayAugust, 2014 ]Schoff, J. , ( 2007 ) Response to a War Memorial: ( 1,1 )Journal for Social Action in Counseling and Psychology.pp. 58-71Van Oers R.. Towards new international guidelines for the preservation of historic urban landscapes ( HUL ) s. City & A ; Time 3 ( 3 ) : 3. [ Online ] URL: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ct.ceci-br.orgWinter, C. , ( 2012 ) memorialization of the Great War on the Somme: researching personal connexions: ( 10,3 )Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change. pp. 248-263.